A 12V relay is a type of electromechanical switch that allows low voltage circuits to control high voltage ones. These versatile components are widely used in a variety of applications, from automotive systems to industrial automation, and even in everyday electronics. Despite their relatively simple design, 12V relays play a crucial role in modern electrical control systems. This article will explore the working principle, applications, and types of 12V relays, providing a comprehensive overview of this essential component.
What is a 12V Relay? At its core, a relay is a switch that opens and closes an electrical circuit under the control of a separate, low-power signal. A 12V relay operates on a 12V DC supply and uses the principle of electromagnetism to activate its switching mechanism. When 12V power is applied to the relay’s coil, it generates a magnetic field that moves an armature to close or open the switch contacts, thus controlling the flow of electricity in another circuit. The relay has several key components： Coil： The coil receives the 12V power and generates a magnetic field when energized.