A 12V relay is an essential electrical component used widely in various industries, from automotive to home appliances. It serves as a switching device that allows a small control current to switch larger currents in an electrical circuit. Understanding how a 12V relay functions, its key components, and its applications is crucial for anyone involved in electrical engineering or DIY electronics projects.
What is a 12V Relay? A 12V relay is an electrically operated switch that is triggered by a 12V voltage supply. It typically consists of an electromagnet, a set of contacts (NO, NC, and COM), and an armature that moves in response to the magnetic field generated by the electromagnet. When a 12V current is applied to the relay’s coil, it generates a magnetic field that pulls or pushes the armature, which, in turn, moves the contacts to either close or open a circuit. This simple mechanism allows the relay to control the flow of larger electrical currents using a smaller control current. For example, a 12V relay can control a 120V or 240V AC or DC circuit, offering a cost-effective and efficient solution for controlling power to various devices.
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